Dungeons & Dragons has about 50 million fans worldwide.

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STANDARDS

NGSS: Core Idea: ETS2.B

CCSS: RST.7

TEKS: 6.2B, 7.2B, 8.2B

Standards

Data Analysis

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Studies suggest that Dungeons & Dragons can improve mental health. Check out these stats and graphs to learn more about this role-playing game.

AS YOU READ, THINK ABOUT the factors that increased the popularity of Dungeons & Dragons in recent years

On January 24, 2025, nearly 20,000 people crowded into Madison Square Garden, an arena in New York City, to enjoy a sold-out show. They weren’t there for a concert or sporting event. They were about to watch a live game of Dungeons & Dragons! 

Dungeons & Dragons (D&D for short) is a role-playing game in which players create characters and act out a fantasy story. “The story is being written as you play,” says Bradley Burenheide, a professor of education at Kansas State University. One player is the Dungeon Master. They guide the adventure, presenting the group with quests, puzzles, magical items, and enemies. The outcome of players’ actions often comes down to probability, determined by rolling multisided dice.

On January 24, 2025, nearly 20,000 people gathered for a sold-out show. They crowded into Madison Square Garden, an arena in New York City. This wasn’t a concert or sporting event. They were about to watch a live game of Dungeons & Dragons! 

Dungeons & Dragons (D&D for short) is a role-playing game. Players create characters and act out a fantasy story. “The story is being written as you play,” says Bradley Burenheide, a professor of education at Kansas State University. One player is the Dungeon Master. They guide the adventure. The Dungeon Master gives the group quests, puzzles, magical items, and enemies. The outcome of players’ actions often comes down to probability. It’s decided by rolling multisided dice.

STEVE PFOST/NEWSDAY RM VIA GETTY IMAGES

GAME ON: A session of D&D unfolds at a gaming cafe in Huntington, New York, in 2019.

Over the past decade, D&D has experienced a boom in popularity. This is partly thanks to the hit show Stranger Things, which features characters playing D&D. The Covid-19 quarantine also pushed people to find something to do while stuck indoors. At the same time, there’s been a huge uptick in people watching and listening to D&D via livestreams, videos, and podcasts.

D&D isn’t just fun—a recent study found that playing the game also reduces anxiety, depression, and stress, and improves self-esteem. Role-playing games allow players to be creative, build confidence, and learn about themselves—all while having fun with friends. “It is truly the best preparation for life that there is,” says Burenheide. “It’s a chance for you to be someone you’re not—or a chance to find out who you are.”

D&D has boomed in popularity over the past decade. This is partly thanks to the hit show Stranger Things. It features characters playing D&D. Also, people were stuck indoors during the Covid-19 quarantine. That pushed them to find something to do. And many more people are watching and listening to D&D via livestreams, videos, and podcasts.

D&D isn’t just fun. A recent study found other benefits from playing the game. It reduces anxiety, depression, and stress. It also improves self-esteem. Role-playing games allow players to be creative, build confidence, and learn about themselves. And they do this while having fun with friends. “It is truly the best preparation for life that there is,” says Burenheide. “It’s a chance for you to be someone you’re not—or a chance to find out who you are.”  

How to Play: Dungeons & Dragons
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